Model Type
	combination: baking/brewing/butchery
Description
	Garstang Inventory: ii. Group of bakery and sacrifice, five figures. GlobalEgMus: A model depicting brewing, baking and butchery, made from wood and gesso. On the left two women are grinding flour, a bread oven is next to them. A woman originally kneeling beside the oven is now lost. In the centre a man is cutting the throat of an ox with a flint knife; the legs of the ox are bound together and the man kneels with one hand pressing the head to the floor. To the right another man is pressing barley bread through a sieve into a vat where it will ferment when mixed with water and date juice. Beside him are other vats and sealed beer jars, two with net coverings. Models like this one, showing butchery, are from the tombs of nobles, the only Egyptians to eat meat regularly. Tooley-1989 (p47): [The intact tomb BH 585 contained two burials each with a set of models] ... The set assigned to Xmn-nxti comprised 3 boats... a granary ... and a combined baker-brewer-butcher model (LM 55.82.7. Garstang 1907a, 94, fig. 84 bottom; Bienkowski 1986, 38).
Site
	Beni Hasan
Tomb
	BH 585
Burial
	Khnem-Nekhta
Date
	11th Dyn. to Amenemhat II
Ref. for dating
	Tooley-1989 p. 47
Museum
	Liverpool Museum, Liverpool
Accession number
	55.82.7
Breasted Classification
	II-4-2 PREPARATION AND PROCESSING OF FOOD - Model Scenes of Baking, Brewing, and Slaughtering. - Type 2 : Scenes of baking, brewing and slaughtering in one room or house.
Notes
	GlobalEgMus: On permanent loan from the University of Liverpool collection.
Material
	wood
References (Bibliography)
	Barker-2022 , Catalogue of Funerary Models M210
	Bienkowski-Tooley-1995 , p. 13; pl.17
	Garstang-1907a , pp. 94-5, fig. 84
	Tooley-1989 , p. 47
Museum Online Record Card
	https://www.globalegyptianmuseum.org/detail.aspx?id=3888
Links to Images and Other Refs
	../IMG/Garst-fig-84B.jpg

internal ID: 484